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Anthocyanin-Rich Extracts of Calafate (Berberis microphylla G. Forst.) Fruits Decrease In Vitro Viability and Migration of Human Gastric and Gallbladder Cancer Cell Lines
Fecha de emisión
2020-05
Autor(es)
Calderón-Reyes, Cristobal
Silva Pezoa, Ramón
Leal, Pamela
Ribera Fonseca, Alejandra
Cáceres, Cristina
Zambrano, Tomas
Peña, Daniela
Alberdi, Miren
Reyes-Díaz, Marjorie
DOI
10.1007/s42729-020-00260-8
Resumen
Currently, gastric cancer (GC) and gallbladder cancer (GBC) constitute important causes of human deaths related to cancer worldwide.
In the last years, several researches are focused on the role of dietary compounds in preventing cancers. The consumption of fruits with
high antioxidants, mainly anthocyanins, represents a good option to reduce the risk of chronic human diseases. Calafate (Berberis
microphylla G. Forst.) berries, recognized by their remarkable antioxidant properties and high content of anthocyanins, appear as a new
alternative to treat degenerative diseases of public interest. The present work was aimed to evaluate the impact of crude and
anthocyanin-rich extracts from Calafate fruits on in vitro cell viability and migration capacity of gastric (AGC) and gallbladder
(G415) human cancer cell lines, as related with their antioxidant properties. Crude and anthocyanin-rich extracts were obtained from
fruits of Calafate grown under field conditions in the south of Chile. Antioxidants, phenols, anthocyanins, and anthocyanidins were
determined. In vitro cell viability and migration of AGS and G415 human cancer cell lines at different concentrations of extracts (25–
800 μg mL−1
) were determined. Anthocyanin-rich extracts of Calafate berries showed comparable antioxidant activity (up to 1200 μg
Trolox eq. g−1
DW), slightly lower total phenolic content (12%), but higher total anthocyanin content (25%) compared to the crude
extract. The major anthocyanidin molecule detected in both extracts was delphinidin, followed by malvidin, and low concentrations of
petunidin, cyanidin, and peonidin. As expected, all of these compounds were detected in higher levels in anthocyanin-rich extracts (up to 2-fold). Noteworthy, our study revealed that Calafate fruit extracts strongly decrease in vitro viability and migration capacity of gastric carcinoma (AGC model) and gallbladder carcinoma (G415 model) human cell lines; however, the anthocyanin-rich extract displayed higher inhibitory effects (up to 70%) compared to crude extracts. These findings allow suggesting that the in vitro antiproliferative potential of Calafate fruit extract is strongly related to the anthocyanin concentration, especially delphinidin.
In the last years, several researches are focused on the role of dietary compounds in preventing cancers. The consumption of fruits with
high antioxidants, mainly anthocyanins, represents a good option to reduce the risk of chronic human diseases. Calafate (Berberis
microphylla G. Forst.) berries, recognized by their remarkable antioxidant properties and high content of anthocyanins, appear as a new
alternative to treat degenerative diseases of public interest. The present work was aimed to evaluate the impact of crude and
anthocyanin-rich extracts from Calafate fruits on in vitro cell viability and migration capacity of gastric (AGC) and gallbladder
(G415) human cancer cell lines, as related with their antioxidant properties. Crude and anthocyanin-rich extracts were obtained from
fruits of Calafate grown under field conditions in the south of Chile. Antioxidants, phenols, anthocyanins, and anthocyanidins were
determined. In vitro cell viability and migration of AGS and G415 human cancer cell lines at different concentrations of extracts (25–
800 μg mL−1
) were determined. Anthocyanin-rich extracts of Calafate berries showed comparable antioxidant activity (up to 1200 μg
Trolox eq. g−1
DW), slightly lower total phenolic content (12%), but higher total anthocyanin content (25%) compared to the crude
extract. The major anthocyanidin molecule detected in both extracts was delphinidin, followed by malvidin, and low concentrations of
petunidin, cyanidin, and peonidin. As expected, all of these compounds were detected in higher levels in anthocyanin-rich extracts (up to 2-fold). Noteworthy, our study revealed that Calafate fruit extracts strongly decrease in vitro viability and migration capacity of gastric carcinoma (AGC model) and gallbladder carcinoma (G415 model) human cell lines; however, the anthocyanin-rich extract displayed higher inhibitory effects (up to 70%) compared to crude extracts. These findings allow suggesting that the in vitro antiproliferative potential of Calafate fruit extract is strongly related to the anthocyanin concentration, especially delphinidin.
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