Paraquat herbicide diminishes chemoreflex sensitivity, induces cardiac autonomic imbalance and impair cardiac function in rats
Autor
Pereyra, Katherin V.
Schwarz, Karla G.
Andrade, David Cristóbal
Toledo, Camilo
Ríos-Gallardo, Angélica P.
Díaz-Jara, Esteban
Bastías, Sussy S.
Ortiz, Fernando C.
Ortolani, Domiziana
del Río, Rodrigo R.
Resumen
Paraquat (PQT) herbicide is widely used in agricultural practices despite being highly toxic to humans. It has been proposed that PQT exposure may promote cardiorespiratory impairment. However, the physiological mechanisms involved in cardiorespiratory dysfunction following PQT exposure are poorly known. We aimed to determine the effects of PQT on ventilatory chemoreflex control, cardiac autonomic control, and cardiac function in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received two injections/week of PQT (5 mg·kg-1 ip) for 4 wk. Cardiac function was assessed through echocardiography and pressure-volume loops. Ventilatory function was evaluated using whole body plethysmography. Autonomic control was indirectly evaluated by heart rate variability (HRV). Cardiac electrophysiology (EKG) and exercise capacity were also measured. Four weeks of PQT administration markedly enlarged the heart as evidenced by increases in ventricular volumes and induced cardiac diastolic dysfunction. Indeed, end-diastolic pressure was significantly higher in PQT rats compared with control (2.42 ± 0.90 vs. 4.01 ± 0.92 mmHg, PQT vs. control, P < 0.05). In addition, PQT significantly reduced both the hypercapnic and hypoxic ventilatory chemoreflex response and induced irregular breathing. Also, PQT induced autonomic imbalance and reductions in the amplitude of EKG waves. Finally, PQT administration impaired exercise capacity in rats as evidenced by a ∼2-fold decrease in times-to-fatigue compared with control rats. Our results showed that 4 wk of PQT treatment induces cardiorespiratory dysfunction in rats and suggests that repetitive exposure to PQT may induce harmful mid/long-term cardiovascular, respiratory, and cardiac consequences.NEW & NOREWORTHY Paraquat herbicide is still employed in agricultural practices in several countries. Here, we showed for the first time that 1 mo paraquat administration results in cardiac adverse remodeling, blunts ventilatory chemoreflex drive, and promotes irregular breathing at rest in previously healthy rats. In addition, paraquat exposure induced cardiac autonomic imbalance and cardiac electrophysiology alterations. Lastly, cardiac diastolic dysfunction was overt in rats following 1 mo of paraquat treatment.
Colecciones
Ítems relacionados
Mostrando ítems relacionados por Título, autor o materia.
-
Article
Effects of enriched-potassium diet on cardiorespiratory outcomes in experimental non-ischemic chronic heart failure (2022)
Schwarz, Karla G.; Pereyra, Katherin V.; Toledo, Camilo; Andrade, David Cristóbal; Díaz, Hugo S.; Díaz-Jara, Esteban; Ortolani, Domiziana; Ríos-Gallardo, Angélica P.; Arias, Paulina; las Heras, Alexandra; ... (BioMed Central Ltd, 2021-12)Background: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a global health problem. Increased sympathetic outflow, cardiac arrhythmogenesis and irregular breathing patterns have all been associated with poor outcomes in CHF. Several studies ... -
Article
Exercise training reduces brainstem oxidative stress and restores normal breathing function in heart failure (2021)
Díaz-Jara, Esteban; Díaz, Hugo S.; Ríos-Gallardo, Angélica P.; Ortolani, Domiziana; Andrade, David Cristóbal; Toledo, Camilo; Pereyra, Katherin V.; Schwarz, Karla G.; Ramirez, Gigliola; Ortiz, Fernando C.; ... (Elsevier Inc., 2021-08-20)Enhanced central chemoreflex drive and irregular breathing are both hallmarks in heart failure (HF) and closely related to disease progression. Central chemoreceptor neurons located within the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) ... -
Article
Exercise intolerance in volume overload heart failure is associated with low carotid body mediated chemoreflex drive (2021)
Andrade, David Cristóbal; Díaz-Jara, Esteban; Toledo, Camilo; Schwarz, Karla G.; Pereyra, Katherin V.; Díaz, Hugo S.; Marcus, Noah J.; Ortiz, Fernando C.; Ríos-Gallardo, Angélica P.; Ortolani, Domiziana; ... (Nature Research, 2021-12)Mounting an appropriate ventilatory response to exercise is crucial to meeting metabolic demands, and abnormal ventilatory responses may contribute to exercise-intolerance (EX-inT) in heart failure (HF) patients. We sought ...