Assessment of Autistic Traits in Adolescents with Eating Disorders
Valoración de rasgos autistas en menores con un trastorno de la conducta alimentaria
Autor
Muñoz Martínez, Victoria
Díaz Quero, Irene
Mata Saenz, Beatriz
Baena Mures, Rafael
Asensio Aguerri, Leonor
Nuevo Fernández, Laura
Resumen
The overlap between autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and eating disorders (ED) has been studied for years, finding similarities in certain cognitive characteristics. The aim of this study is to analyze the available literature about the relationship between autism spectrums symptoms with different pathologies which are include in eating disorders. Information was collected from different databases (Pubmed, Cochrane, Tripdatabase, UpToDate) between 2013 and 2018. Descriptors as "eating disorders", "autism", "treatment", "psychotherapy", "anorexia nervosa”, are used. "Bulimia nervosa", "food avoidant / restriction intake disorder", "binge eating disorder", "obesity" and "adolescence" and the same ones in Spanish are used. The published studies, referred throughout the text, mainly refer to anorexia nervosa (AN) with less research in others eating disorders such as obesity, bulimia, and binge eating disorder. However, despite of the fact that the relationship with the AN is especially mentioned, there are cognitive characteristics that are shared between the ED and the ASD that must be taken into account due to their implications, not only in treatment, also in the prognosis. La superposición entre los trastornos del espectro autista (TEA) y los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) lleva tiempo estudiándose, encontrándose sobre todo similitudes en ciertas características cognitivas. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la bibliografía disponible acerca de la relación entre los síntomas que corresponden al espectro autista con las diferentes patologías que se engloban dentro de los TCA. La información fue recogida a partir de diferentes bases de datos (Pubmed, Cochrane, Tripdatabase, UpToDate) entre 2013 y 2018. Se emplean los descriptores “eating disorders”, “autism”, “treatment”, “psychotherapy”, “anorexia nervosa”, “bulimia nervosa”, “food avoidant/restriction intake disorder” “binge eating disorder” “obesity” y “adolescence”; así como sus equivalentes en español. Los estudios publicados, referidos a lo largo del texto, sobre todo se refieren a la anorexia nerviosa (AN), existiendo menos investigaciones realizadas con otras patologías alimentarias como obesidad, bulimia, y trastorno por atracón. Sin embargo, y a pesar que sobre todo se señale la relación con la AN, existen características a nivel cognitivo que son compartidas entre los TCA y los TEA que han de ser tenidas en cuenta por sus implicaciones tanto en el tratamiento como en el pronóstico.
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