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Petrosal ganglion: A more complex role than originally imagined

dc.contributor.authorRetamal M.A.
dc.contributor.authorReyes E.P.
dc.contributor.authorAlcayaga J.
dc.date.accessioned2020-09-02T22:26:55Z
dc.date.available2020-09-02T22:26:55Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.identifier10.3389/fphys.2014.00474
dc.identifier.citation5, Nov, -
dc.identifier.issn1664042X
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12728/5980
dc.descriptionThe petrosal ganglion is a peripheral sensory ganglion, composed of pseudomonopolar sensory neurons that innervate the posterior third of the tongue and the carotid sinus and body. According to their electrical properties petrosal ganglion neurons can be ascribed to one of two categories: i) neurons with action potentials presenting an inflection (hump) on its repolarizing phase and ii) neurons with fast and brisk action potentials. Although there is some correlation between the electrophysiological properties and the sensory modality of the neurons in some species, no general pattern can be easily recognized. On the other hand, petrosal neurons projecting to the carotid body are activated by several transmitters, with acetylcholine and ATP being the most conspicuous in most species. Petrosal neurons are completely surrounded by a multi-cellular sheet of glial (satellite) cells that prevents the formation of chemical or electrical synapses between neurons. Thus, petrosal ganglion neurons are regarded as mere wires that communicate the periphery (i.e., carotid body) and the central nervous system. However, it has been shown that in other sensory ganglia satellite glial cells and their neighboring neurons can interact, partly by the release of chemical neuro-glio transmitters. This intercellular communication can potentially modulate the excitatory status of sensory neurons and thus the afferent discharge. In this mini review, we will briefly summarize the general properties of petrosal ganglion neurons and the current knowledge about the glial-neuron communication in sensory neurons and how this phenomenon could be important in the chemical sensory processing generated in the carotid body. © 2014 Retamal, Reyes and Alcayaga.
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherFrontiers Research Foundation
dc.subjectAction potential
dc.subjectChemosensory
dc.subjectMechanosensory
dc.subjectPetrosal ganglia
dc.subjectSensory modality
dc.subjectacetylcholine
dc.subjectgap junction protein
dc.subjectmuscarinic receptor
dc.subjectneurotransmitter
dc.subjectnicotinic receptor
dc.subjectpurinergic P2X1 receptor
dc.subjectpurinergic P2X2 receptor
dc.subjectpurinergic P2X3 receptor
dc.subjectpurinergic P2X5 receptor
dc.subjectpurinergic P2X7 receptor
dc.subjecttyrosine 3 monooxygenase
dc.subjectbrain electrophysiology
dc.subjectbrain function
dc.subjectcarotid sinus nerve
dc.subjectcell communication
dc.subjectcell function
dc.subjectnerve cell
dc.subjectnerve projection
dc.subjectneuromodulation
dc.subjectneurophysiology
dc.subjectneuroscience
dc.subjectneurotransmission
dc.subjectnonhuman
dc.subjectpetrosal ganglion
dc.subjectsensory ganglion
dc.subjectShort Survey
dc.subjectsignal transduction
dc.titlePetrosal ganglion: A more complex role than originally imagined
dc.typeShort Survey


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