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Effects of an exercise program linked to primary care on depression in elderly: fitness as mediator of the improvement

dc.contributor.authorPerez-Sousa M.A.
dc.contributor.authorOlivares P.R.
dc.contributor.authorGonzalez-Guerrero J.L.
dc.contributor.authorGusi N.
dc.date.accessioned2020-09-02T22:25:47Z
dc.date.available2020-09-02T22:25:47Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.identifier10.1007/s11136-019-02406-3
dc.identifier.citation29, 5, 1239-1246
dc.identifier.issn09629343
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12728/5781
dc.descriptionPurpose: The present study aimed to analyse the effects of 12 months of participation in a public physical activity program linked to primary care on depression level and fitness, and to determine which fitness components were responsible for the improvement in depression using mediation analysis. Methods: Participants of this program were 2768 middle-aged and older adults from 67 municipalities throughout the Spanish region of Extremadura. In the analysis only participants with depression and without any missing values for fitness variables were included. This sample was 303 for exercise group and 74 for control group. Socio-demographic data, Geriatric Depression Scale and some fitness tests were applied at baseline and 1 year later. Exercise group performed the program 3 days/week for 50–60 min per session involving brisk walking with intermittent flexibility, strength and balance activities/exercises. Socializing within the group was encouraged in all sessions. Data analysis included analysis of covariance, chi-squared and effect size statistics. Additionally, a parallel model of mediation analysis was performed to determine the indirect effect of the participation in the exercise program on depression through improvements in fitness. Results: A considerable reduction from mild, moderate or severe depression to non-depression were obtained for exercise group (68%) P-value <.05. The parallel mediation analysis showed that flexibility (sit-and-reach [β − 0.04 (− 0.07 to − 0.01)], back scratch [β − 0.06 (− 0.12 to − 0.02)]) and cardiorespiratory fitness (6-min walk [β − 0.09 (− 0.15 to − 0.04)]) were mediators of the reduction in depression. Conclusion: This exercise program was effective in improving depression in older adults. Integrating aerobic and flexibility exercises in a group-based program of physical activity programs could improve the severity of depression in this population. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.subjectDepression
dc.subjectElderly
dc.subjectExercise
dc.subjectMediation analysis
dc.subjectPhysical condition
dc.subjectadult
dc.subjectaged
dc.subjectanalysis of covariance
dc.subjectarticle
dc.subjectcardiorespiratory fitness
dc.subjectcontrolled study
dc.subjectdata analysis
dc.subjectdemography
dc.subjecteffect size
dc.subjectexercise
dc.subjectfemale
dc.subjectGeriatric Depression Scale
dc.subjecthuman
dc.subjecthuman experiment
dc.subjectmale
dc.subjectmiddle aged
dc.subjectprimary medical care
dc.subjectwalking
dc.subjectdepression
dc.subjectfitness
dc.subjectkinesiotherapy
dc.subjectprocedures
dc.subjectpsychology
dc.subjectquality of life
dc.subjectAged
dc.subjectDepression
dc.subjectExercise Therapy
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectMale
dc.subjectPhysical Fitness
dc.subjectQuality of Life
dc.titleEffects of an exercise program linked to primary care on depression in elderly: fitness as mediator of the improvement
dc.typeArticle


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