Guaraná, a supplement rich in caffeine and catechin, modulates cytokines: Evidence from human in vitro and in vivo protocols
Autor
Krewer C.D.
Suleiman L.
Frescura Duarte M.M.
Ribeiro E.E.
Mostardeiro C.P.
Echart Montano M.A.
Rocha M.I.
Algarve T.D.
Bresciani G.
Cruz I.B.M.
Resumen
guaraná powder is an antiobesogenic supplement; however, its effect on infammatory biomarkers has not yet been determined. Therefore, this study analysed whether guaraná supplementation can differentially modulate the levels of proinfammatory cytokines [interleukin 6 (Il-6), tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1 beta (Il-1β), interferon-gamma (Ig-γ)] and anti-infammatory interleukin 10 (Il-10) from in vitro and in vivo protocols. In the pilot in vitro protocol, human peripheral blood mon-onuclear cells were exposed to guaraná, as well as to res-veratrol, quercetin and ascorbic acid as positive controls.The effect of guaraná on cytokine levels was also evaluated in culture medium supplemented with glucose and insulin. a randomised, placebo-controlled in vivo assay was also performed to evaluate the potential infuence of guaraná on the blood cytokine levels of 14 healthy volunteers supplemented for 14 days. The effect of guaraná was similar to that of resveratrol, a known anti-infammatory molecule, decreasing Il-1β, Il-10 and Ig-γ levels and increasing Il-10 levels compared to those of the control group. The in vitro insulin supplementation potentiated the effect of guar-aná on some cytokines. a decreasing effect on the blood infammatory cytokine levels, along with an increase in Il-10 levels, was also observed in volunteers supplemented with guaraná. In conclusion, guaraná positively modulates cytokines associated with infammatory metabolism. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
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