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Enhanced carotid body chemosensory activity and the cardiovascular alterations induced by intermittent hypoxia

dc.contributor.authorIturriaga R.
dc.contributor.authorAndrade D.C.
dc.contributor.authorDel Rio R.
dc.date.accessioned2020-09-02T22:20:40Z
dc.date.available2020-09-02T22:20:40Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.identifier10.3389/fphys.2014.00468
dc.identifier.citation5, Nov, -
dc.identifier.issn1664042X
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12728/4956
dc.descriptionThe carotid body (CB) plays a main role in the maintenance of the oxygen homeostasis. The hypoxic stimulation of the CB increases the chemosensory discharge, which in turn elicits reflex sympathetic, cardiovascular and ventilatory adjustments. An exacerbate carotid chemosensory activity has been associated with human sympathetic-mediated diseases such as hypertension, insulin resistance, heart failure and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Indeed, the CB chemosensory discharge becomes tonically hypereactive in experimental models of OSA and heart failure. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), a main feature of OSA, enhances CB chemosensory baseline discharges in normoxia and in response to hypoxia, inducing sympathetic overactivity and hypertension. Oxidative stress, increased levels of ET-1, Angiotensin II and pro-inflammatory cytokines, along with a reduced production of NO in the CB, have been associated with the enhanced carotid chemosensory activity. In this review, we will discuss new evidence supporting a main role for the CB chemoreceptor in the autonomic and cardiorespiratory alterations induced by intermittent hypoxia, as well as the molecular mechanisms involved in the CB chemosensory potentiation. © 2014 Iturriaga, Andrade and Del_rio.
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherFrontiers Media S.A.
dc.subjectAutonomic dysfunction
dc.subjectCarotid body
dc.subjectHypertension
dc.subjectIntermittent hypoxia
dc.subjectOxidative stress
dc.subjectangiotensin II
dc.subjectbosentan
dc.subjectcyclo(dextro tryptophyl dextro aspartylprolyl dextro valylleucyl)
dc.subjectcytokine
dc.subjectendothelin 1
dc.subjecthypoxia inducible factor 1alpha
dc.subjectimmunoglobulin enhancer binding protein
dc.subjectinterleukin 1beta
dc.subjectinterleukin 6
dc.subjectnitric oxide
dc.subjectnoradrenalin
dc.subjectreactive nitrogen species
dc.subjectreactive oxygen metabolite
dc.subjectreduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2
dc.subjecttempol
dc.subjecttranscription factor NFAT3
dc.subjecttumor necrosis factor alpha
dc.subjectautonomic dysfunction
dc.subjectcardiovascular disease
dc.subjectcarotid body chemoreceptor
dc.subjectchronic intermittent hypoxia
dc.subjectclinical feature
dc.subjectdisease association
dc.subjectdisease classification
dc.subjectdisease course
dc.subjectdisease severity
dc.subjectendothelial dysfunction
dc.subjectenzyme activation
dc.subjecthuman
dc.subjecthyperactivity
dc.subjecthypertension
dc.subjectimmunoreactivity
dc.subjectinflammation
dc.subjectmolecular mechanics
dc.subjectnonhuman
dc.subjectoxidative stress
dc.subjectpathophysiology
dc.subjectprotein expression
dc.subjectprotein function
dc.subjectprotein synthesis
dc.subjectrenin angiotensin aldosterone system
dc.subjectReview
dc.subjectrisk factor
dc.subjectsleep disordered breathing
dc.subjectupregulation
dc.titleEnhanced carotid body chemosensory activity and the cardiovascular alterations induced by intermittent hypoxia
dc.typeReview


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