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A surface temperature and moisture intercomparison study of the Weather Research and Forecasting model, in-situ measurements and satellite observations over the Atacama Desert

dc.contributor.authorFonseca R.
dc.contributor.authorZorzano-Mier M.-P.
dc.contributor.authorAzua-Bustos A.
dc.contributor.authorGonzález-Silva C.
dc.contributor.authorMartín-Torres J.
dc.date.accessioned2020-09-02T22:17:56Z
dc.date.available2020-09-02T22:17:56Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.identifier10.1002/qj.3553
dc.identifier.citation145, 722, 2202-2220
dc.identifier.issn00359009
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12728/4506
dc.descriptionGood knowledge of the environmental conditions of deserts on Earth is relevant for climate studies. The Atacama Desert is of particular interest as it is considered to be the driest region on Earth. We have performed simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model over the Atacama Desert for two week-long periods in the austral winter season coincident with surface temperature and relative humidity in-situ observations at three sites. We found that the WRF model generally overestimates the daytime surface temperature, with biases of up to 11°C, despite giving a good simulation of the relative humidity. In order to improve the agreement with observed measurements, we conducted sensitivity experiments in which the surface albedo, soil moisture content and five tuneable parameters in the Noah Land Surface Model (namely soil porosity, soil suction, saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, the b parameter used in hydraulic functions and the quartz fraction) are perturbed. We concluded that an accurate simulation is not possible, most likely because the Noah Land Surface Model does not have a groundwater table that may be shallow in desert regions. The WRF-predicted land surface temperature is also evaluated against that estimated from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument. While at night the satellite-derived and ground-based measurements are generally in agreement, during the day MODIS estimates are typically lower by as much as 17°C. This is attributed to the large uncertainty in the MODIS-estimated land surface temperatures in arid and semi-arid regions. The findings of this work highlight the need for ground-based observational networks in remote regions such as the Atacama Desert where satellite-derived and model products may not be very accurate. © 2019 Royal Meteorological Society
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherJohn Wiley and Sons Ltd
dc.subjectfield campaigns < 1. Tools and methods
dc.subjectgeophysical sphere
dc.subjectlocal or boundary layer scale < 2. Scale, Dryland/desert < 4
dc.subjectregional and mesoscale modelling < 1. Tools and methods
dc.subjectremote sensing < 1. Tools and methods
dc.subjecttropics < 5. Geographic/climatic zone
dc.subjectArid regions
dc.subjectAtmospheric temperature
dc.subjectBoundary layers
dc.subjectGroundwater
dc.subjectHydraulic conductivity
dc.subjectLand surface temperature
dc.subjectLandforms
dc.subjectPorosity
dc.subjectRadiometers
dc.subjectRemote sensing
dc.subjectSatellites
dc.subjectSoil moisture
dc.subjectSurface measurement
dc.subjectSurface properties
dc.subjectUncertainty analysis
dc.subjectArid and semi-arid regions
dc.subjectDryland
dc.subjectEnvironmental conditions
dc.subjectGround based measurement
dc.subjectModerate resolution imaging spectroradiometer
dc.subjectSaturated soil hydraulic conductivities
dc.subjectTools and methods
dc.subjectWeather research and forecasting models
dc.subjectWeather forecasting
dc.subjectaccuracy assessment
dc.subjectatmospheric moisture
dc.subjectclimate prediction
dc.subjectMODIS
dc.subjectrelative humidity
dc.subjectremote sensing
dc.subjectsatellite data
dc.subjectsurface temperature
dc.subjectwater table
dc.subjectweather forecasting
dc.subjectAtacama Desert
dc.subjectChile
dc.titleA surface temperature and moisture intercomparison study of the Weather Research and Forecasting model, in-situ measurements and satellite observations over the Atacama Desert
dc.typeArticle


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