Natural Fractals as Irreversible Disorder: Entropy Approach from Cracks in the Semi Brittle-Ductile Lithosphere and Generalization
Autor
Venegas-Aravena, Patricio
Cordaro, Enrique G.
Laroze, David
Resumen
The seismo-electromagnetic theory describes the growth of fractally distributed cracks within the lithosphere that generate the emission of magnetic anomalies prior to large earthquakes. One of the main physical properties of this theory is their consistency regarding the second law of thermodynamics. That is, the crack generation of the lithosphere corresponds to the manifestation of an irreversible process evolving from one steady state to another. Nevertheless, there is still not a proper thermodynamic description of lithospheric crack generation. That is why this work presents the derivation of the entropy changes generated by the lithospheric cracking. It is found that the growth of the fractal cracks increases the entropy prior impending earthquakes. As fractality is observed across different topics, our results are generalized by using the Onsager’s coefficient for any system characterized by fractal volumes. It is found that the growth of fractality in nature corresponds to an irreversible process. © 2022 by the authors.
Colecciones
Ítems relacionados
Mostrando ítems relacionados por Título, autor o materia.
-
Article
Fractal Clustering as Spatial Variability of Magnetic Anomalies Measurements for Impending Earthquakes and the Thermodynamic Fractal Dimension (2024)
Venegas-Aravena, Patricio; Cordaro, Enrique; Laroze, David (MDPI, 2022)Several studies focusing on the anomalies of one specific parameter (such as magnetic, ionospheric, radon release, temperature, geodetic, etc.) before impending earthquakes are constantly challenged because their results ... -
Article
Analytical Relation between b-Value and Electromagnetic Signals in Pre-Macroscopic Failure of Rocks: Insights into the Microdynamics’ Physics Prior to Earthquakes (2024)
Venegas-Aravena, Patricio; Cordaro, Enrique G. (MDPI, 2023)Field measurements in subduction regions have revealed the presence of non-seismic pre-earthquake signals such as electromagnetic or acoustic emission, gas liberation, changes in Earth’s surface temperature, changes at the ... -
Article
Subduction as a Smoothing Machine: How Multiscale Dissipation Relates Precursor Signals to Fault Geometry (2024)
Venegas-Aravena, Patricio; Cordaro, Enrique G. (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023)Understanding the process of earthquake preparation is of utmost importance in mitigating the potential damage caused by seismic events. That is why the study of seismic precursors is fundamental. However, the community ...