Changes in the craniomaxillofacial growth and development of sprague dawley rats subjected to permanent experimental unilateral nasal obstruction

Abstract

Breathing is considered a vital function dependent on factors such as adequate permeability of the nasal route, which is linked to physiological functions, intellectual processes, and craniofacial growth. The aim of this study was to determine the changes in the craniomaxillofacial growth and bone development of Sprague Dawley rats subjected to permanent experimental unilateral nasal obstruction. Twenty-four newborn rats were used, randomized, and divided into experimental and control groups. The right nostril was obstructed, and weight, length, and Lee’s index measurements were recorded at 8 and 16 weeks. Craniomandibular x-rays were taken of each animal, obtaining linear neuro- and viscerocranial measurements. Then, a biochemical analysis was performed to measure the alkaline phosphatase concentration. The results were analyzed in the SPSS software, performing a descriptive analysis, using a t-test for independent samples, comparing basal, cephalometric, and biochemical characteristics between the control and experimental groups, considering a significance range of 5%. When comparing the experimental and control groups, the variables length, weight, and Lee’s index presented no significant differences. In the x-ray analysis, at 8 weeks, the Co-L1 and Co-Mn measurements were reduced, whereas the Ba-So increased, with significant differences. At 16 weeks, the L1-O, Po-Ba, and E-Mu measurements decreased; however, Co-Gn registered a greater value with significant differences. The alkaline phosphatase levels fell significantly at week 16 in the experimental group. In conclusion, the reduction of permanent nasal respiratory flow is related to modifications in facial growth at 8 and 16 weeks and to the reduction of alkaline phosphatases at 16 weeks. © 2023, Universidad de la Frontera. All rights reserved.